As mentioned, gait analysis can be as modest as observation to note irregularities made visible by the naked eye. Systematic gait analysis however, incorporates a top-down and bottom-up visual orientation, ideal upon identifying subtle deviations. A top-down orientation delivers statistics on symmetry, quantity, and quality of arm swing; pelvic rotation; pelvic tilt; and lateral trunk shift. Bottom-up orientation analyses ankle, subtalar, midfoot, and hallux motion symmetry, quantity and quality. Focus of these different approaches pinpoints potential exaggerated motion or insufficient propulsion from a locomotive unit, shock absorption, stance stability and energy conservation.
Core postural muscle stability is suspect upon extreme drops of pelvis crest and pelvic rotation is detected. This simply calls for more tests upon gluteal muscle function in open and closed kinetic chain positions. A significant observation would also be excessive hip adduction with knee valgus, producing an increased dynamic quadricep angle. Knee varus thrust, expressed as lateral knee shift may be indicative of lateral knee complex instability or osteoarthritis of the medial knee compartment. Early heel rise during propulsion is a common compensation for hallux limitus, sesamoiditis, or ankle equinus.
