Hildegard Peplau
Background of the theorist
Born on September 1, 1909.
During her childhood, she always had an eagerness to grow beyond the traditional women of her time. She considered nursing as one of few career choice for women during her time.
She decided to choose Nursing as her career because she evidences the flu epidemic in 1918 where she experience illness and death in families.
Education
In 1931, she graduated in nursing from Pennsylvania school of nursing.
In 1943 she had her Bachelor’s degree in interpersonal psychology from Bennington College in Vermont.
Peplau had her doctoral and master degree Columbia university teacher college in 1947.
Career
From William Alanson White Institute of New York City Peplau was certified in Psychoanalysis.
In the early 1950s, the first classes for graduate psychiatric nursing students at Teachers College were developed and taught by her
She was the faculty member of the College of Nursing at Rutgers University from 1954 until her retirement in 1974.
At her time she is the only nurse who worked as an executive director in ANA and become president later on at ANA (In memoriam: Hildegard E Peplau, 1909-1999. 1999).
She also provides service on the International Council of Nurses board.
Interpersonal Relations Theory
Theory of Interpersonal Relations is published in 1952.
Peplau’s theory of interpersonal is the state of relationship between patients and nurse where nurse needs to understand her own and another person behavior and apply the principles of human relations to identified needs. therapeutic nurse-patient relationship
It is a professional relationship between the patients and nurse whose focused on patients needs, problem, feeling and coordination between two people with a common goal.
Nursing and patient relationship is the foundation of this theory.
Component of the theory
Four Phases of the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship
Orientation Phase: Where person and nurse mutually identified the person problem. When the nurse and client first meet is known as the orientation phase.
Identification: This second stage where develop trust and the patient begins to respond selectively to persons who seem to offer help to them for his /her needs(Fernandes, R. L., & Nunes de Miranda, F. A. 2016).
Exploitation: The patients make full use of the services offered by the nurse and benefits from a relationship with a nurse. In this phased plan of action is implemented and evaluated.
Resolution Phase: Where the person accepts new goals and frees herself or himself from the relationship. This also includes planning for alternative sources of support, problem prevention, and the patient’s integration of the illness experience.
Interpersonal Theory and Nursing Process
Nurse roles in the Therapeutic relationship identify by Hildegard Peplau
Stranger: Nurse would offer the patient same kind of support she could provide any stranger. Resource person: Providing specific answers to questions and interpreting medical plan to patients.
Teacher: Helping the patient with their different issues formally or informally
Leader: Providing every kind of motivation and direction patient needs.
Surrogate: serving as a replacement for another such as a parent or relatives or sibling.
Counselor: Helping clients to understand and integrate the meaning of current life circumstances.
Technical Expert: providing all kind of technical support, physical care, and operating equipment.
Conclusion
Peplau theory of interpersonal is significant regarding the different phase of nurse-patient relation and the different roles the nurse can play in providing nursing care to the client.
This theory helps the nurse to have the opportunity to provide the care and communication needed to create the best nurse-patient relationship and help to provide comprehensive care to the client.
References
In memoriam: Hildegard E Peplau, 1909-1999. (1999). Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 12(2), 51-52. Retrieved from https://prx-herzing.lirn.net/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.prx-herzing.lirn.net/docview/232970224?accountid=167104.
Fernandes, R. L., ; Nunes de Miranda, F. A. (2016). ANALYSIS OF THE THEORY OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS: NURSING CARE IN PSYCHOSOCIAL CARE CENTERS. Journal Of Nursing UFPE / Revista De Enfermagem UFPE, 880-886. doi:10.5205/reuol.6884-59404-2-SM-1.1002sup201624
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