Mental conditions in working life
Basic mental states.
The most common and typical mental states, inherent in most people in their daily and professional life, are the following states:
Optimum working condition – ensures maximum efficiency of the activity, passing at the average rate and intensity.
The state of strenuous labor activity – arises with labor under extreme conditions.
The state of professional interest – plays a crucial role in the effectiveness of labor.
Monotonia is a condition that develops with long-term and regularly repeated loads of medium or low intensity, as well as repeated monotonous information.
Fatigue is a state of temporary decline in performance that occurs with prolonged and high loads. Mated with the exhaustion of the body.
Stress is a condition of prolonged and increased stress, which is due to the person’s inability to adapt to the requirements of the environment. Here, an important role is played by environmental factors that exceed the ability of the human body to adapt.
The state of relaxation is the state of recovery, relaxation, and calm that occurs during autogenous training or, for example, praying or reading mantras, etc. The main reason for this condition is the cessation of a person’s intense activity in general.
The state of sleep is a special mental state characterized by the disconnection of a person’s consciousness from external reality. It is interesting that the state of sleep has two distinct phases, which are constantly alternating – it is a slow dream and a quick sleep. Both of them can often be regarded as independent mental states. And the process of sleep is connected with the need to systematize the information flows that were received during wakefulness, as well as the body’s need to restore its resources.
• The mental state of a person is a relatively stable structural organization of all components of the psyche, performing the function of active interaction of a person (as the owner of this psyche) with the external environment presented at the moment by a concrete situation.
All the variety of forms of human behavior is due, on the one hand, to their qualitative specificity, which is determined by the objective orientation of the activity and its motivation. On the other hand, different forms of human activity can be characterized from the point of view of the intensity of their manifestation. By this usually mean the degree of actualization of the psychophysiological resources of the individual, necessary to perform certain activities in specific conditions. Thus, there are various grounds for classifying states. Consider the classification by the following features:
– on the basis of duration: relatively stable and long-lasting conditions, reflecting the person’s attitude to work, states of satisfaction and dissatisfaction, indifference to work, reflecting the general mental attitude;
– temporary situational conditions, periodically arising in the course of activity;
– states that occur periodically during the course of work: the phases of working capacity – worked, sustained performance, fatigue;
– conditions, conditioned by the content of work: apathy, boredom, drowsiness, increased activity;
– The leading component (physiological and mental): muscle tension, mental tension, mental stress;
– by the degree of tension of the systems (sensory loading): visual, auditory, tactile, muscular load;
– on the degree of active activity of consciousness: wakefulness, fury, sleep;
– by the dominant properties of the personality or by the sign of the predominance of one side of the psyche: emotional, volitional, stress states.
